Abstract

Some timber traders as well as social and environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) negotiated the establishment of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) in San Francisco in 1991 (Cadman, 2011). Two years later, representatives from ten countries met in Toronto, Canada, for the founding meeting of the FSC. Finally, as a result of the intensive negotiations, the FSC was registered in 1994. It created a new model of a market-based protection instrument to promote responsible forest management and trade (WWF, 2014/2020). According to Pattberg (2005), the FSC is based on the principles of sustainable development. The standards of responsible forest management defined by the FSC make it possible to promote globally and nationally responsible forest management.